Hello there,
In this session, we will learn about periodontitis.
You have a gum problem? Then there’s a high probability of periodontitis.
So let’s take a look.
What is periodontitis(gingivitis)?
Periodontitis, often referred to as gum disease, is a more advanced and severe form of gum inflammation compared to gingivitis. It affects the supporting structures of the teeth, including the bone, ligaments, and tissues that hold the teeth in place. Periodontitis can lead to tooth loss if left untreated.
Periodontitis typically develops when gingivitis, the initial stage of gum disease, progresses and becomes more severe. The inflammation extends deeper into the supporting structures around the teeth. Plaque, a sticky film of bacteria, continues to accumulate along the gumline and hardens into tartar (calculus), which cannot be removed with regular brushing or flossing.
The symptoms of periodontitis
- Bleeding Gums: Gums that bleed easily, especially during brushing, flossing, or eating. Blood may be seen in the toothbrush or dental floss.
- Swollen and Red Gums: Gums that appear swollen, puffy, and reddened. They might also feel tender to the touch.
- Bad Breath (Halitosis): Persistent bad breath that does not improve with regular oral hygiene practices or the use of mouthwash.
- Receding Gums: Gums that start to pull away from the teeth, causing the teeth to appear longer. This can expose the tooth roots and create sensitivity.
- Formation of Pockets: Spaces or pockets that form between the teeth and gums as the gum tissues pull away due to inflammation. These pockets can harbor bacteria and debris.
- Loose or Shifting Teeth: Teeth that feel loose or seem to shift in position. This is due to the loss of supporting bone and tissues.
- Changes in Bite: Changes in how the teeth fit together when biting or chewing. This might be caused by shifting teeth or changes in the alignment of the jaw.
- Pus Formation: Pus or discharge might develop around the teeth and gums due to the presence of infection.
- Pain or Discomfort: Some individuals might experience pain or discomfort when chewing or biting down.
Causes of periodontitis
- Poor Oral Hygiene: Inadequate brushing, flossing, and regular dental check-ups can allow plaque to accumulate and progress to periodontitis.
- Tobacco Use: Smoking or chewing tobacco interferes with the immune system’s response, making it harder for the body to fight off infections, including gum infections.
- Genetics: Genetic factors can influence an individual’s susceptibility to periodontal disease. Some people may be more prone to severe periodontitis due to their genetic makeup.
- Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as diabetes, autoimmune diseases, and certain blood disorders, can increase the risk of periodontitis.
- Hormonal Changes: Hormonal fluctuations, such as those occurring during puberty, pregnancy, and menopause, can make gums more sensitive and susceptible to inflammation.
- Medications: Some medications, like certain antihypertensive drugs and antiepileptic medications, can affect gum health and increase the risk of periodontitis.
- Poor Nutrition: A diet lacking essential nutrients can weaken the immune system’s ability to combat infections, including those in the gums.
- Stress: Chronic stress can weaken the immune system, making it more difficult for the body to fight infections.
It’s important to note that while plaque is the main trigger for periodontitis, the presence of other risk factors can contribute to its development and progression. Preventing periodontitis involves maintaining excellent oral hygiene practices, regular dental check-ups, avoiding tobacco use, managing underlying health conditions, and adopting a healthy lifestyle.
Then, let’s learn more about how to prevent periodontitis.
A precautionary measure
- Brushing: Brush your teeth at least twice a day using fluoride toothpaste. Use a soft-bristle toothbrush and brush gently to avoid damaging the gums.
brushing-teeth - Flossing: Floss daily to clean between teeth and remove plaque from areas that your toothbrush can’t reach.
- Regular Dental Check-ups: Schedule regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings. Dental professionals can identify and address early signs of gum disease.
- Professional Cleanings: Undergo professional dental cleanings to remove plaque, tartar, and stains that cannot be removed through regular brushing and flossing.
- Healthy Diet: Consume a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and low-fat dairy products. Avoid sugary snacks and beverages that contribute to plaque buildup.
- Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water throughout the day to help flush away food particles and bacteria from your mouth.
- Avoid Smoking: If you smoke, consider quitting. Smoking weakens the immune system and impairs gum health, increasing the risk of gum disease.
- Limit Alcohol: If you drink alcohol, do so in moderation, as excessive alcohol consumption can contribute to gum inflammation.
- Stress Management: Practice stress-reduction techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, and regular exercise, as chronic stress can weaken the immune system.
- Medical Conditions: Manage underlying medical conditions, such as diabetes or autoimmune disorders, that could increase the risk of gum disease.
- Oral Hygiene Products: Use antimicrobial mouthwashes or toothpaste recommended by your dentist to help control bacteria and maintain oral health.
- Protective Dental Devices: If you grind your teeth or clench your jaw, consider using a mouthguard to prevent excessive wear on your teeth and reduce stress on your jaw joints.
- Hormonal Changes: Be aware of hormonal changes, such as during pregnancy, and maintain good oral hygiene to prevent hormonal-related gum issues.
- Regular Exercise: Engage in regular physical activity to support overall health and immune function.
By following these precautionary measures, you can significantly reduce your risk of developing periodontitis and maintain optimal gum health. If you have concerns about your gum health, consult a dental professional for guidance and personalized recommendations.
For our healthy life.